Apiculture and Beneficial Insects Research Institute

The Institute addresses the challenges affecting the apiculture and beneficial insects sub sector and promotes value addition along the value chain

Apiculture

Improvement and commercialisation of apiculture and beneficial insects’ contributes towards food and nutrition security and increased incomes. The Institutes main focus is to enhance performance of the apiculture and beneficial insects’ sub-sector through generation and promotion for adoption of best practices. The Institute is located at Marigat in Baringo County, about 100 km from Nakuru town along Nakuru- Sigor road. The Institute has only one (1) Centre at Perkerra, which is its headquarters. It has field stations at Endao within Marigat, and, Mochongoi – which is about 80km along Marigat-Karandi road.

The mandate of the Institute is to address the challenges affecting the Apiculture and beneficial insects’ sub sectors and promote value addition along its various value chains. The institute has the following broad objectives:

  1. To generate and promote technologies and innovations for demand-driven Apiculture and beneficial insects’ product value chains
  2. To develop and promote markets and marketing strategies for Apiculture and beneficial insect’s product value chains.
  3. To facilitate and advocate policy option for enhancing demand-driven Apiculture and beneficial insects’ product value chains
  4. To strengthen the capacity for implementing Apiculture and beneficial insects’ product value chains research
  5. To enhance availability of knowledge, information, and technologies on Apiculture and beneficial insects product value chains research

     

Overview of the Institute

Honey bee workers tending their brood comb

The Institute’s main goal is to catalyse development of the apiculture and beneficial insect’s sub-sector through generation of technologies, innovations and management practices to enhance market participation and competitiveness across the target value chains across the entire nation. The Institute mandate value chains are honey, beeswax, other hive products, silk/ insect fabric, insects (ecosystem) services, insect biopolymers, insect feed and food, among others.

Institute goods and services are accessed through various ways such as technoshop, mkulima shop, information resources, training and capacity building activities, field days, seminars, workshops among others.

        

 

Institute Research Areas

  1. Insect genetics and breed improvement
  2. Insect health and Management
  3. Insect husbandry and rearing practices
  4. Insect (ecosystem) services
  5. Insect Forage variety improvement
  6. Insect mechanization and equipment
  7. Insect Biopolymer/biomaterial technologies
  8. Food science, value addition and quality assurance
  9. Socioeconomics, policy, gender and Biometrics
  10. Outreach, Partnership and capacity building
  11. Commercialization/marketing participation
  12. Natural Resource Management and Climate change

Core Functions

  1. Research for Development: the following activities are currently on going
  • Apiculture:
    • Developing, improving and promoting suitable hive technologies for enhanced productivity and colony care
    • Bee health and colony management,
    • Development of suitability maps for bees
    • Bee forage management and floral calendar development for different ecologies
    • Pollination ecology and developing pollinator maps for various crops

     
           K-KTBH                                                 Kabambe Hive                                     K-BH                              Packaged honey at ABIRI 
           
Honey bee workers tending their brood comb                             ABIRI Satelite Research apiaries

  • Meliponiculture:
    • Development of hive technologies and domestication of stingless bees
    • Species characterization
    • Development of appropriate TIMPs for husbandry practices
    • Development of appropriate market structure
    • Pollination ecology and conservation
    • Training and capacity development
  • Black soldier fly:
    • Conservation and production of nucleus seed unit,
    • Feed formulation for fish and chicken
    • Training and capacity development

     
    Black soldier fly (BSF) seed production                             BSF mass production unit,                                 Harvested BSF prepupa
                                                                                                KALRO DRI Ol jor Orok                                       for feed processing

  • Sericulture:
    • Breed improvement and conservation
    • Long term genebanking system for Bombyx silkworm
    • Development and refining rearing and husbandry practices TIMPs
    • Post cocoon silk fibre/textile research
    • Improvement of mulberry varieties for Bombyx production and fruit production
    • Domestication of elite wild silkworms

     
          Eri silkmoth mating                             Bombyx silkmoth mating                       Eri Silkworms during                        Bombyx silkworms placed fo                                                                                                                                                                             active feeding                         spinning to make cocoons
   
 Harvested Eri cocoons                                                     Bombyx cocoonc                        African silkmoth,
                                                                                                                                            Gonometa postica cocoon

  • Useful Biocontrol insects
    • Classical biocontrol of serious crop pests
    • Developing SIT programme for fruit flies and other major pests of crops and livestock
    • Prospections for biocontrol insects and developing rearing protocols

  • Insect feed and feed
  • Diets development
  • Quality assurance
  • Mass production units
  • Insect ecosystem services
  • Plant-Pollinator interactions
  • Debridement maggots
  • Nutrient management

 
                           Honey bees                                             Cotton lint improves with better pollination

Cross cutting researches:

  • Gender inclusivity
  • Agribusiness development
  • Biopolymer products development
  • Processing value addition

 
                               Honey                                            Beeswax candles                               Cocoon raw silk yarn                            Silk fabric

Outreach: activities undertaken include, but not limited to

  • Training of ToTs and extension officers on insect enterprises
  • Seminars and workshops highlighting achievements and areas of partnerships
  • Training materials developed and continue to be developed targeting end users
  • Development of geographic traits of hive products

Business incubation and market development

Policy Support:

ABIRI contributes to the development of policies that support the apiculture and beneficial insects value chains.

Technology Transfer

ABIRI uses several platforms to enhance the sharing of research outputs, information and transfer technologies generated. These include Agricultural Society Shows, farmer field days, on farm and on station demonstrations, research publications, selling products in KALRO Mkulima shops and various media outlets.

The Institute has one Centre, the ABIRI Perkerra Centre, which is the headquarters of the Institute.

There are two Field Stations

  1. ABIRI Endao: this is situated in Marigat, near the airstrip. It is used for trials on bee forage and hive productivity
  2. ABIRI Mochongoi: This is about 80 km from Marigat, along the Marigat-Karandi road. It is the only mid-altitude station for carrying out various researches

The Institute is leveraging the KALRO network of centres across the country to establish research apiaries for informing policy and for generation of technologies suitable for different areas

The Institute collaborates with various national and international organizations, including, but not limited to:

  • County Government of Baringo
  • National Beekeeping Institute (NBI)
  • Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries (MoALF)
  • Directorate of Veterinary Services (DVS)
  • National Museum of Kenya (NMK)
  • Kenya Forestry Research Institute (KEFRI)
  • County Governments
  • International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE)
  • National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), Japan for development of sericulture value chain
  • KAFACI – Korea on training opportunities and capacity building for staff on matters sericulture and apiculture
  • Egerton University – Apiculture and Sericulture training
  • University of Eldoret – Sericulture training
  • University of Nairobi- Apiculture training
  • University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca
  • Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology
  • Moi University
  • Tosheka Ltd
  • Silk Origin Ltd
  • Apiculture Platform of Kenya
  • Association of Kenyan Entomologists (AKE)
  • Africa Association of Insect Scientists (AAIS)

Achievements and Impact

The Research Institute has made significant contributions to Kenya’s agricultural sector, including, but not limited to:

  1. Research and Development:

Apiculture Research

  • Three (3) new hive technologies developed and promoted suitable for small holder farming systems. The K-KTBH, K-BH, K-KAM hives 2023/24 FY
  • Worked with Irong beekeepers to develop and promote the Kapkuikui super-log hive (2009-onwards), an improvement of Baringo log hive
  • Promoting adoption of Baringo log hive for better honey productivity (2023/24 on wards)
  • Developed suitability map for bee swarms in Baringo county (2023/24 FY)
  • Established research apiaries at ABIRI Marigat, ABIRI Mochongoi, DRI Naivasha, DRI Ol Jor Orok, BRI Trans mara and 11 monitoring sites in Baringo county with more being developed to cover entire nation.

Beneficial Insects Research

  • Established Bombyx silkworm genebank at NSRC (2016-2022), which continues to deliver the mandate
  • Conservation of 7 strains of Bombyx mori at NSRC (Thika)
  • Post cocoon grading of silk to international level at NSRC (Thika). The lab is able to grade silk to grad 6A, the highest quality of silk
  • Suitability of mulberry varieties in different colonies determined, resulting to promotion of at least 3 varieties across the country: Ichinose, Kanva II, Victory 1
  • 2 new mulberry varieties developed at ABIRI Marigat and 1 at NSRC Thika and undergoing trials for registration
  • Seed production unit developed for Black soldier fly in DRI Ol Jor Orok
  • Meal worm insect for animal feed conserved and utilized at BioRI
  • Biocontrol testing and production unit established and operating at FCRC Muguga South, with a minimum of four (4) biocontrol agents at any period
  • Biocontrol for macadamia stink bug and nut borer determined and arrangements to mass produce on course
  • Pollination needs for different crops have been determined e.g. mango, avocado, watermelon, tomatoes, sweet melon, pumpkin, squash butternuts, capsicum, eggplant, green grams, beans, pigeon peas, with more planned
  • Debridement insect (greenbottle fly) maintained, conserved and utilized at BioRI
  • Radiation reactor for sterile insect technique maintained at BioRI- enabling SIT programme development for fruit flies and teste flies
  1. Capacity Building:
  • Business incubation programme for 7 beekeeping groups in Baringo county ongoing
  • Manual for inventory of TIMPs with 115 TIMPs developed and published online
  • Training manual for ToT developed and published online under KCSAP and NAVCDP projects
  • 6 brochures and pamphlets developed for bee health management
  • More than 10 Technical reports have been developed 2022 onwards and are available for beekeeper use
  1. Policy Support:
  • Developed sericulture draft policy (2021) ready for continuation to finalization
  • Contributing to the beekeeping regulations and policy development 2021- current

Training and capacity building

   

       Manufacturing elite KALRO Hives                                               Bee pests management options           Honey Processing and marketing

We produce waxmoth and beetle traps on order. We also supply honey badger management tools on order

We have an equipped honey processing unit which also acts to aggregate honeys from collaborating beekeepers and beekeeping groups. We handle all types of pre-processed honeys

  

Lab services

We carryout basic honey tests. For advanced tests, we link with other labs as we enhance our honey testing capacity

Bee rescue services

We offer services of collecting bee colonies in areas where they are not desired and moving them to our apiaries. We also partner with clients for capacity building and follow up to avoid unwanted occurrences

Bee forage and hive timber nursery

We have a propagation unit producing high quality bee forage and hive production seedlings. These are critical for supporting apiculture and beneficial insects value chain

     

Design and Fabrication of various equipment used in apiculture and beneficial insects production

The Institute offers services to design and fabricate various equipment for enhancing production. This is done with prior booking.

Fabricated silkworm rearing beds at ABIRI

Designed and constructed beehive house at ABIRI

Farm produce Access

We produce various end products from our orchards and livestock units. They are available for acquiring based on season and availability


Produce from effective pollination by bees


Papaya seed production as a result of effective moth and bee pollination services


Contact Information:

Physical Address: off Nakuru -Sigor Road at Marigat, about 1.5 km from the junction towards Marigat- Karandi road

Postal Address: 32-30403 Marigat-Kenya

Website: http://www.kalro.org/

Email: Director.ABIRI@kalro.org

Official Phone: +254758 017378